QuickTime VR as used in websites of Museums by Barbara Chamberlin
Overview
Apple's QuickTime VR is an image technology that allows 360 views of a scene or object. A QuickTime VR movie may be 
  • a panorama, in which the user feels as if she is in the center of an image looking around, or 
  • an object, where the user is able to 'grab' the object and spin it around looking at the sides, top and bottom.
QuickTime VR movies are created by using a regular camera to take several photos of an object or environment, then using special software to 'stitch' the pieces together. The movie is embedded in a web page similar to any QuickTime movie. The user of a page is required to have the QuickTime plug-in from Apple in order to view the movie.

In addition to providing views of an area or object, 'hot spots' can be programmed into the movie, allowing the user to enter a door and view another movie, click on an object to see it, or review a close up detailed view.

Uses Museums can use QuickTime VR technology in several ways:

1Present more realistic images for exploration or analysis. Because a QuickTime VR allows all views of an object to be presented, it can be more efficient than showing several still images. One disadvantages is that single movies can be large, requiring excessive download time. In an effort to reduce this download, many web developers choose smaller images, sacrificing detail of the image.

  • Nakasato Virtual Museum Homalocephale calathocercosskull

  • http://www.dino-nakasato.org/en/vm/Homa-sk-e.html

    The Nakasato Dinosaur Kingdom provides a few panoramas of medium quality. This is an excellent example of specific learning with object exploration. Companion text explains specific features of the specimen, encouraging the user to follow along.
     

  • 4Directions Virtual Museum

  • http://www.edb.utexas.edu/teachnet/QTVR/4DVMuse.htm

    The 4Directions project encourages students to explore artifacts of their modern culture, presenting these tools with interpretation. Two of the 4Directions schools also worked with Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of the American Indian on their Conexus online exhibit. It is a good example of the role QTVR could play in a museum education project.
     

  • Mayan Archeology

  • http://www.maya-art-books.org/Jhtml/ballplayer.html

    It's difficult to tell if this is a museum site, or a tribute to new technologies. Though the site design prevents easy navigation, several interesting objects are available for review. Detailed interpretation is given on most objects. This site is a good example of QTVR that is not used to its fullest potential. Often, the images are of such poor quality, the QTVR technology does not present any benefits over other modes of presentation.

    2Allow visitors access to existing physical exhibits or facilities. Most QuickTime use on Museum sites gives the user of the site an opportunity to vitually visit the museum. This can have advantages and disadvantages. By allowing the user to explore independently, they guide their own learning. Additionally, by reviewing an environment, rather than a series of pictures and text, users can place museum experiences in context. Unfortunately, too many of these sites present only a small view into the museum atmosphere, and poor lighting or photography can actually make the museum seem less inviting and colorful than it is. The best use of QTVR in this way encourages interactivity, providing hot spots in the panorama where the user can click for additional information, and is linked to opportunities for learning, such as text and stills.
  • Exploratorium's Inside Panoramas

  • http://www.exploratorium.edu/vr/4.html

    Here, the Exploratorium allows several opportunities to view the building, exhibit space, even the view from the roof. Unfortunately, these views aren't linked to any learning opportunities. Additionally, the poor lighting detracts from the Exploratorium's presentation.
     

  • Deutsches Museum

  • http://www.deutsches-museum.de/mum/panorama/big/e_scher1.htm

    Though these panoramas are not interactive, the photographic vantage point, from inside the exhibit, allows the user a better feel for what the exhibit is like. Detailed exhibit descriptions complement the image. Exploring other exhibits on this site, such as the walk-in cell really present a nice view of the exhibits, with images that are large and detailed enough to be of use.
     

  • 4Directions Virtual Tour

  • http://www.conexus.si.edu/VRTour/TourMaps.htm

    Though navigation through this exhibit at the National Museum of the American Indian is slow and difficult, they have the right idea. All panoramas include hot spots with detail images, and nodes for clicking and viewing objects. They also provide a map of the panorama sites which is helpful in navigation.
     

  • Field Museum of Natural History's Entering Underground Adventure

  • http://www.fmnh.org/ua/default.htm

    This site is an ideal use of QTVR for existing exhibits. Panoramas allow the user to self-select which parts of the exhibit they are interested in. Each panorama has hot spots, where the user can choose to learn more, or enter a different panorama. The exhibit is well explained and backed up with images and movies.

    3Provide access to non museum sites with relevant museum research. Perhaps the most exciting use of QTVR technology by museums is in taking the online visitor to research digs, off limits facilities, or exciting physical structures. When the museum extends its exhibit design skills to the web, they can reach visitors in a new way with new technologies.
  • Science Museum of Minnesota Exhibit: Mysteries of Çatalhöyük

  • http://www.smm.org/catal/

    This excellent, inquiry based site weaves QTVR into a complete exhibit highlighting work at a dig in  turkey. The viewer can visit the site, viewing the tents, underground caves and excavated items. All QTVR work is well documented and supplemented with interesting material.

    QTVR Use in Museums

  • Kreipe de Montano, Marty (200). Four Directions. Online Description of  Archives & Museum Informatics Museums and the Web 2000 Conference. Available online at http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/abstracts/prg_85000243.html
    • This proposal details the use of QTVR in rendering images of 25 artifacts for use in the Conexus Exhibit at Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of the American Indian. The exhibit is online at http://www.conexus.si.edu.
  • QTVR and the Museum, Illinois State Museum

  • http://www.museum.state.il.us/qtvr/
    Details seven uses of QTVR in Museums with examples from the Illinois State Museum Website. Also available from this museum is the Museum in the Classroom project, detailing use of QTVR in museum education projects and technical recommendations.

    QTVR Development Tools

  • QuickTime Virtual Reality for Educators and Just Plain Folks

  • http://www.edb.utexas.edu/teachnet/QTVR/
      Chock full of links, this site reviews the technology, tools, tricks and recommendations for using QTVR.
  • Apple's QuickTime VR Cubic Gallery

  • http://www.apple.com/quicktime/preview/gallery/
    Provides examples of panoramas and objects, with links to professional developers of QTVR movies.