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Apple's QuickTime VR is an
image technology that allows 360 views of a scene or object. A QuickTime
VR movie may be
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a panorama,
in which the user feels as if she is in the center of an image looking
around, or
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an object, where the
user is able to 'grab' the object and spin it around looking at the sides,
top and bottom.
QuickTime VR movies are created by using a regular camera to take several
photos of an object or environment, then using special software to 'stitch'
the pieces together. The movie is embedded in a web page similar to any
QuickTime movie. The user of a page is required to have the QuickTime plug-in
from Apple in order to view the movie.
In addition to providing views of an area or object, 'hot spots' can
be programmed into the movie, allowing the user to enter a door and view
another movie, click on an object to see it, or review a close up detailed
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Museums can use QuickTime VR
technology in several ways:
Present
more realistic images for exploration or analysis. Because a QuickTime
VR allows all views of an object to be presented, it can be more efficient
than showing several still images. One disadvantages is that single movies
can be large, requiring excessive download time. In an effort to reduce
this download, many web developers choose smaller images, sacrificing detail
of the image.
Nakasato Virtual Museum Homalocephale calathocercosskull
http://www.dino-nakasato.org/en/vm/Homa-sk-e.html
The Nakasato Dinosaur Kingdom provides a few panoramas
of medium quality. This is an excellent example of specific learning with
object exploration. Companion text explains specific features of the specimen,
encouraging the user to follow along.
4Directions Virtual Museum
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/teachnet/QTVR/4DVMuse.htm
The 4Directions project encourages students to explore
artifacts of their modern culture, presenting these tools with interpretation.
Two of the 4Directions schools also worked with Smithsonian Institution's
National Museum of the American Indian on their Conexus
online exhibit. It is a good example of the role QTVR could play in
a museum education project.
Mayan Archeology
http://www.maya-art-books.org/Jhtml/ballplayer.html
It's difficult to tell if this is a museum site, or a
tribute to new technologies. Though the site design prevents easy navigation,
several interesting objects are available for review. Detailed interpretation
is given on most objects. This site is a good example of QTVR that is not
used to its fullest potential. Often, the images are of such poor quality,
the QTVR technology does not present any benefits over other modes of presentation.
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Allow
visitors access to existing physical exhibits or facilities. Most QuickTime
use on Museum sites gives the user of the site an opportunity to vitually
visit the museum. This can have advantages and disadvantages. By allowing
the user to explore independently, they guide their own learning. Additionally,
by reviewing an environment, rather than a series of pictures and text,
users can place museum experiences in context. Unfortunately, too many
of these sites present only a small view into the museum atmosphere, and
poor lighting or photography can actually make the museum seem less inviting
and colorful than it is. The best use of QTVR in this way encourages interactivity,
providing hot spots in the panorama where the user can click for additional
information, and is linked to opportunities for learning, such as text
and stills.
Exploratorium's Inside Panoramas
http://www.exploratorium.edu/vr/4.html
Here, the Exploratorium allows several opportunities to
view the building, exhibit space, even the view from the roof. Unfortunately,
these views aren't linked to any learning opportunities. Additionally,
the poor lighting detracts from the Exploratorium's presentation.
Deutsches Museum
http://www.deutsches-museum.de/mum/panorama/big/e_scher1.htm
Though these panoramas are not interactive, the photographic
vantage point, from inside the exhibit, allows the user a better feel for
what the exhibit is like. Detailed exhibit descriptions complement the
image. Exploring other exhibits on this site, such as the walk-in
cell really present a nice view of the exhibits, with images that are
large and detailed enough to be of use.
4Directions Virtual Tour
http://www.conexus.si.edu/VRTour/TourMaps.htm
Though navigation through this exhibit at the National
Museum of the American Indian is slow and difficult, they have the right
idea. All panoramas include hot spots with detail images, and nodes for
clicking and viewing objects. They also provide a map of the panorama sites
which is helpful in navigation.
Field Museum of Natural History's Entering Underground Adventure
http://www.fmnh.org/ua/default.htm
This site is an ideal use of QTVR for existing exhibits.
Panoramas allow the user to self-select which parts of the exhibit they
are interested in. Each panorama has hot spots, where the user can choose
to learn more, or enter a different panorama. The exhibit is well explained
and backed up with images and movies.
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Provide
access to non museum sites with relevant museum research. Perhaps the
most exciting use of QTVR technology by museums is in taking the online
visitor to research digs, off limits facilities, or exciting physical structures.
When the museum extends its exhibit design skills to the web, they can
reach visitors in a new way with new technologies.
Science Museum of Minnesota Exhibit: Mysteries of Çatalhöyük
http://www.smm.org/catal/
This excellent, inquiry based site weaves QTVR into a
complete exhibit highlighting work at a dig in turkey. The viewer
can visit the site, viewing the tents, underground caves and excavated
items. All QTVR work is well documented and supplemented with interesting
material.
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QTVR Use in Museums
Kreipe de Montano, Marty (200). Four Directions. Online
Description of Archives & Museum Informatics Museums and the
Web 2000 Conference. Available online at http://www.archimuse.com/mw2000/abstracts/prg_85000243.html
This proposal details the use of QTVR in rendering images of 25 artifacts
for use in the Conexus Exhibit at Smithsonian Institution's National Museum
of the American Indian. The exhibit is online at http://www.conexus.si.edu.
QTVR and the Museum, Illinois State Museum
http://www.museum.state.il.us/qtvr/
Details seven uses of QTVR in Museums with examples from the
Illinois State Museum Website. Also available from this museum is the Museum
in the Classroom project, detailing use of QTVR in museum education
projects and technical recommendations.
QTVR Development Tools
QuickTime Virtual Reality for Educators and Just Plain Folks
http://www.edb.utexas.edu/teachnet/QTVR/
Chock full of links, this site reviews the technology, tools, tricks
and recommendations for using QTVR.
Apple's QuickTime VR Cubic Gallery
http://www.apple.com/quicktime/preview/gallery/
Provides examples of panoramas and objects, with links to professional
developers of QTVR movies.
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